by

Afrikansa

• abelo.

Angliana

A.
I. (prep.)

• (agent: by means of) per.

by mail - per posto.

by all means - certe.

by no means - nule, tote ne.

(go) by railway - per la fervoyo.

written by a pencil - skribita per krayono.

by heart - memore.

by sight - per vido, ye vido.

by hand - per la manuo.

by your leave - kun vua permiso; se vu voluntez.

by chance - hazarde, incidente; forsan, posible.

by reason of - pro ke.

by virtue of - per la povo / autoritato di; en la nomo di; pro (ke).

by stealth - sekrete, celite.

• (agency; after passive verbs referring to agent; authorship) da.

by the (indicating the doer) - dal, da la.

the tree was sprinkled with water by the gardener - l’ arboro esas aspersita per aquo da la gardenisto.

signed by him - signatita da lu.

loved by all - amata da omni.

sent by God - sendita da Deo.

by whom is this book? - da qua esas ta libro?

• (according to) segun.

time by your watch - kloko segun vua horlojo.

• (near) proxim, apud.

by the river - apud / proxim la rivero.

by the way - apud la voyo; incidente; latere; okazione.

• (in oaths) per.

by God - per Deo.

• (space)

I passed by him - me preteriris il.

• (time)

in time gone by - dum pasinta tempo.

come by two o’clock - venez ante du kloki.

by this time - ja.

• by degrees, by steps - gradoze, gradope.

little by little - pokope.

by halves - duime.

• by oneself - sola, aparta, senhelpa.

II. (adv.)

by and by - balde, pos kurta / kelka tempo.

B.

by far greater - multe plu grande.

by over -

(on vartas traduko)

by the by - okazione (di), incidente.

Daniana

• urbo.

Norvegiana (bm)

• urbo.

Suediana

• vilajo.